Vol. 14 No. 97-110 (2023): BIODEGRADATION POTENTIAL OF SOME BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ABATTOIR EFFLUENTS WITHIN KADUNA METROPOLIS

An abattoir is a place meant for the killing of animals and processing of meat for human use and consumption. Bioremediation potentials of some bacteria isolated from abattoir wastewater located within Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria were determined. The wastewater was collected and serially diluted, plated on nutrient agar for bacterial isolation using the pour plate isolation method. The isolates were identified according to their morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. The identified organisms included Escherichia coli, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Salmonella spp. The isolates were screened for biodegradation potential using the Mineral Salt Medium (MSM) for five days. Spectrophotometry was used to determine the optical density of the bacterial growth during the biodegradation analysis. Bacillus and Salmonella species were used separately, in addition to the consortium of Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp for bioremediation of the wastewater. The physical and chemical parameters of abattoir effluents such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), temperature, pH, Nitrate and Phosphate concentrations were used in accessing the extend of the effluent’s degradation using standard laboratory procedures. Bacillus spp reduced TDS of the wastewater from 1996.0 mg/l to 430.7 mg/l, EC 2.56 mg/l to 0.671 mg/l, Nitrate 64.5 mg/l to 47.3 mg/l, BOD 947.7 mg/l to 514 mg/l. The consortium of the bacteria reduced TDS 446.3 mg/l to 430.7 mg/l, EC 0.678 mg/l to 0.671 mg/l, Nitrate 44.9 mg/l to 39.9 mg/l, BOD 858.7 mg/l to 473.6 mg/l, Bacillus reduced the pH 7.87 to7. 20, while the consortium reduced the pH 6.77 to 6.16 after 21 days of inoculation and treatment. The results revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the parameters during the period of biodegradation. The results indicated that Bacillus and the consortium of bacteria are promising microorganisms for industrial application of abattoir wastewater.