Vol. 15 No. 134 - 142 (2024): Phytochemical Screening and antibacterial activity of the leaf extract of Adansonia digitata against Eschericia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

The phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of methanol and chloroform leaf extracts
of Adansonia digitata on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were carried out using
disc diffusion method. The clinical bacterial isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus
aureus were obtained from General Hospital Biu, Borno State Nigeria. The phytochemical
analysis of the methanol extract revealed the presence of аlkaloids, saponins and tannins while
the chloroform revealed the presence of alkaloids and saponins. The antibiotic showed a wide
range of inhibition which ranged between (24.0mm to 18.0 mm) and (26.0mm to 20.0 mm)
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus respectively, followed by the chloroform leaf
extract of Adansonia digitata with (18.0mm to 10.0 mm) and (14.0mm to 9.0 mm) against
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Methanol extract had a zone of
inhibition of (16.0 to 11.0 mm) and (13.0 to 8.0 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus at 100
mg/ml to 25 mg/ml concentrations respectively. The result of the MIC was revealed at 75
mg/ml and 100 mg/ml on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus while the minimum
bactericidal concentration shows the presence of turbidity at both the concentrations.
Therefore, the Adensonia digitata leaves would be recommended for the treatment of any
disease caused by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.